Thomas Campbell to the Editors of the Edinburgh Review
| Thomas Campbell | |
|---|---|
 Portrait past Sir Thomas Lawrence c. 1810 | |
| Born | (1777-07-27)27 July 1777 Glasgow, Scotland |
| Died | 15 June 1844(1844-06-fifteen) (anile 66) Boulogne, France |
| Resting place | Westminster Abbey |
| Nationality | Scottish |
| Menses | 1790s–1840s |
| Spouse | Matilda Sinclair (m. 1803; died 1828) |
| Signature |  |
Thomas Campbell (27 July 1777 – 15 June 1844) was a Scottish poet. He was a founder and the start President of the Clarence Society and a co-founder of the Literary Association of the Friends of Poland; he was also one of the initiators of a plan to institute what became University College London. In 1799 he wrote "The Pleasures of Hope", a traditional 18th-century didactic poem in heroic couplets. He also produced several patriotic state of war songs—"Ye Mariners of England", "The Soldier's Dream", "Hohenlinden" and, in 1801, "The Battle of the Baltic", but was no less at home in delicate lyrics such as "At Love's Start".
Early life [edit]
Born on High Street, Glasgow in 1777, he was the youngest of the eleven children of Alexander Campbell (1710–1801), son of the 6th and last Laird of Kirnan, Argyll, descended from the MacIver-Campbells. His mother, Margaret (built-in 1736), was the daughter of John Campbell of Craignish and Mary, daughter of Robert Simpson, "a celebrated Royal Armourer".[1]
In almost 1737, his father went to Falmouth, Virginia as a merchant in business with his wife's brother Daniel Campbell, becoming a Tobacco Lord trading between there and Glasgow. They enjoyed a long period of prosperity until he lost his property and their old and respectable firm collapsed in outcome of the American Revolutionary War. Having personally lost nigh £twenty,000, Campbell'southward male parent was nearly ruined.[2] Several of Thomas' brothers remained in Virginia, 1 of whom married a daughter of Patrick Henry.[3]
Both his parents were intellectually inclined, his father being a close friend of Thomas Reid (for whom Campbell was named) while his mother was known for her refined taste and honey of literature and music.[iv] Thomas Campbell was educated at the Loftier Schoolhouse of Glasgow and the University of Glasgow, where he won prizes for classics and verse-writing. He spent the holidays equally a tutor in the western Highlands and his poems Glenara and the Ballad of Lord Ullin's Daughter were written during this time while visiting the Isle of Mull.[5] [half dozen]
In 1797, Campbell travelled to Edinburgh to nourish lectures on law. He continued to support himself as a tutor and through his writing, aided by Robert Anderson, the editor of the British Poets. Amidst his contemporaries in Edinburgh were Sir Walter Scott, Henry Brougham, Francis Jeffrey, Thomas Brown, John Leyden and James Grahame. These early days in Edinburgh influenced such works equally The Wounded Hussar, The Dirge of Wallace and the Epistle to Three Ladies.[5] [7]
Career [edit]
In 1799, six months after the publication of the Lyrical Ballads of Wordsworth and Coleridge, "The Pleasures of Hope" was published. It is a rhetorical and didactic verse form in the gustatory modality of his time, and owed much to the fact that it dealt with topics near to men's hearts, with the French Revolution, the partition of Poland and with negro slavery. Its success was instantaneous, but Campbell was deficient in energy and perseverance and did not follow it up. He went abroad in June 1800 without any very definite aim, visited Gottlieb Friedrich Klopstock at Hamburg, and made his style to Regensburg, which was taken past the French iii days after his arrival. He found refuge in a Scottish monastery. Some of his best lyrics, "Hohenlinden", "Ye Mariners of England" and "The Soldier'south Dream" (which was afterwards set past Beethoven),[8] belong to his German tour. He spent the wintertime in Altona, where he met an Irish exile, Anthony McCann, whose history suggested The Exile of Erin.[5]
He had at that time the intention of writing an epic on Edinburgh to exist entitled "The Queen of the North". On the outbreak of war between Kingdom of denmark and England he hurried abode, the "Boxing of the Baltic" existence drafted before long after. At Edinburgh he was introduced to the offset Lord Minto, who took him in the next twelvemonth to London as occasional secretary. In June 1803 appeared a new edition of the "Pleasures of Hope", to which some lyrics were added.[v]
In 1803 Campbell married his 2d cousin, Matilda Sinclair, and settled in London. He was well received in Whig society, particularly at Holland Firm. His prospects, notwithstanding, were slight when in 1805 he received a government alimony of £200. In that year the Campbells removed to Sydenham. Campbell was at this fourth dimension regularly employed on the Star paper, for which he translated the foreign news. In 1809 he published a narrative verse form in the Spenserian stanza, Gertrude of Wyoming – referring to the Wyoming Valley of Pennsylvania and the Wyoming Valley Massacre – with which were printed some of his best lyrics. He was dull and captious in composition, and the verse form suffered from overelaboration. Francis Jeffrey wrote to the author:
"Your timidity or fastidiousness, or some other knavish quality, will not allow you requite your conceptions glowing, and bold, and powerful, as they present themselves; only you must chasten, and refine, and soften them, forsooth, till one-half their nature and grandeur is chiselled away from them. Believe me, the world will never know how truly you are a neat and original poet till you venture to bandage before information technology some of the crude pearls of your fancy."[5]
In 1812 he delivered a series of lectures on poetry in London at the Purple Establishment; and he was urged by Sir Walter Scott to get a candidate for the chair of literature at Edinburgh University. In 1814 he went to Paris, making at that place the associate of the elder Schlegel, of Baron Cuvier and others. His pecuniary anxieties were relieved in 1815 by a legacy of £4000. He continued to occupy himself with his Specimens of the British Poets, the design of which had been projected years earlier. The work was published in 1819. Information technology contains a selection with short lives of the poets, and prefixed to it a critical essay on poetry. In 1820 he accepted the editorship of the New Monthly Magazine, and in the same yr made another tour in Germany. Four years later appeared his "Theodric", a not very successful poem of domestic life.[v]
Later life [edit]
Campbell took an agile share in the foundation of University College London (originally known as London University), visiting Berlin to inquire into the German organization of didactics, and making recommendations which were adopted by Lord Brougham. He was elected Lord Rector of Glasgow University (1826–1829) in contest against Sir Walter Scott. Campbell retired from the editorship of the New Monthly Mag in 1830, and a twelvemonth later made an unsuccessful venture with The Metropolitan Mag. He had championed the cause of the Poles in "The Pleasures of Hope", and the news of the capture of Warsaw by the Russians in 1831 affected him as if information technology had been the deepest of personal calamities. "Poland preys on my heart night and solar day," he wrote in one of his messages, and his sympathy constitute a applied expression in the foundation in London of the Literary Clan of the Friends of Poland. In 1834 he travelled to Paris and Algiers, where he wrote his Letters from the South (printed 1837).[5]
His wife died in 1828. Of his two sons, ane died in infancy and the other became insane. His own wellness suffered, and he gradually withdrew from public life. He died at Boulogne on xv June 1844 and was cached on 3 July 1844[9] Westminster Abbey at Poet'south Corner.[5]
Campbell's other works include a Life of Mrs Siddons (1834),[ten] and a narrative poem, "The Pilgrim of Glencoe" (1842). Run across The Life and Letters of Thomas Campbell (3 vols., 1849), edited by William Beattie, Yard.D.; Literary Reminiscences and Memoirs of Thomas Campbell (1860), past Cyrus Redding; The Complete Poetical Works of Thomas Campbell (1860); The Poetical Works of Thomas Campbell (1875), in the Aldine Edition of the British Poets, edited by the Rev. Five. Alfred Hill, with a sketch of the poet'southward life by William Allingham; and the Oxford Edition of the Complete Works of Thomas Campbell (1908), edited by J. Logie Robertson. Run across also Thomas Campbell past J. Cuthbert Hadden, (Edinburgh: Oliphant, Anderson and Ferrier, 1899, Famous Scots Serial), and a pick by Lewis Campbell (1904) for the Golden Treasury Series.[5]
Notes [edit]
- ^ Life and Letters of Thomas Campbell
- ^ Life and Messages of Thomas Campbell
- ^ Campbell of Kirnan, Argyll
- ^ Meaning Scots – Thomas Campbell
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Chisholm 1911.
- ^ Thomas Campbell – Poemhunter
- ^ Thomas Campbell – Poemhunter
- ^ "25 Irish Songs, WoO 152 (Beethoven, Ludwig van) - IMSLP: Free Sheet Music PDF Download". imslp.org . Retrieved 15 Feb 2021.
- ^ Tape URL: http://search.beginnings.com/cgi-bin/sse.dll?h=10186931&db=LMAdeaths&indiv=endeavor Source Citation: London Metropolitan Athenaeum, Collegiate Church of Saint Peter, Westminster, Transcript of Baptisms and Burials, 1844 January-1844 Dec, DL/t Item, 099/032, DL/T/099/032. Source Information: Ancestry.com. London, England, Deaths and Burials, 1813–1980. Provo, UT, USA: Beginnings.com Operations, Inc., 2010.
- ^ Campbell, Thomas (1834). Life of Mrs. Siddons. London: E. Wilson; ii vols.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain:Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Campbell, Thomas". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. v (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 130.
External links [edit]
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Campbell_%28poet%29
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